The Intensification of Teaching Work in the Early Years of Elementary Education in Public Schools in the Federal District
Intensification of teaching work; Educational policies; Job insecurity; Educational reforms.
This study aims to broaden the understanding of the intensification of teaching work in the organizational context of public elementary schools in the Federal District. Specifically, it investigated the main focuses of work intensification in the context of teaching in public elementary schools in the region and the teachers' perception of these processes. Work intensification is a social phenomenon related to the implementation of new work demands within the same time frame, often without corresponding increases in resources or remuneration and accompanied by greater subjective pressures. It is noted that, in recent times, the intensification of teaching work in Brazilian public elementary schools has deepened, especially as a result of the changes promoted by recent neoliberal managerial reforms. This essentially qualitative exploratory research indicates that work intensification has been significantly present in elementary schools in the Federal District region. The research conducted in four primary schools in the region, selected from among the largest in terms of student numbers, indicates that the intensification of teaching work in these schools has been mainly related to the following factors: overcrowded classrooms; lack of sufficient support staff for school inclusion with pedagogical responsibilities; increased controls and pressures in general; and the increase in standardized administrative tasks determined externally, often related to external evaluation systems. The study also points out that the current form of management and organization of teaching work in primary schools has caused a significant reduction in the autonomy of teachers, who frequently need to meet compulsory external demands, with deadlines also defined externally, a situation that indicates the presence of processes of colonization and alienation of teaching work in these contexts. However, more comprehensive and in-depth studies on the topics developed here are recommended. Seeking to contribute to the improvement of working conditions in public schools in the region, and also aiming to improve the overall educational quality in these schools, a technical product called "RIT Protocol" is made available to the responsible bodies, which proposes measures for the "Reduction of the Intensification of Teacher Work," specially developed for the organizational context of the Class Schools in the Federal District