“DRUG THERAPY IN THE TRANSEXUALIZATION PROCESS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW”
“Transgender; androgens; Estrogen; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Clinical
Examinations, Sistematic Review, Gender Dysphoria”
“The therapy used for the physical transition in gender dysphoria is the Transsexualizing Hormone
Therapy, which leads to the acquisition of secondary sexual characteristics of the sex with which the
user identifies. To carry out a systematic survey of the literature in order to establish
recommendations based on the available evidence regarding hormonal drug therapy and nonhormonal
adjuvants used in the transsexualization process for transgender men and women over 18
years of age. The work is of paramount importance for health professionals who work with this
population because it outlines a profile through a systematic review by formulating three questions,
namely: what are the inclusion and exclusion criteria for starting hormone therapy, what are the
laboratory tests that should be monitored and the immediate and late adverse effects that hormone
therapy can bring to this population of trans men and women. The search was structured in order to
answer three questions and was carried out from 01/01/2004 to 08/23/2020), in the following
databases: G-I-N, Medline (via PubMed), Embase and Cochrane. Among the 73 articles found, 51
were excluded in the process of removing duplicates, leaving 682. Of these, 499 were excluded
when reading the abstract because they fit the exclusion criteria. 183 articles were read in full and
121 were excluded. Only 62 articles met the inclusion criteria and these 43 were about the trans men
population and 42 about trans women. The evidence is still limited, due to the low quality of the
studies. The criteria for initiation of therapy involve correct diagnosis, ability to adhere and the
absence of pathological conditions that contraindicate the use of transsexualizing hormone therapy.
The changes in laboratory tests of the trans woman were close to what was expected in the
population of cis women, and the changes of the trans man are similar to that of the cis man. The
studies did not identify an increase in breast cancer cases in users using transsexualizing hormone
therapy, as well as the occurrence of adverse events were considered few and mild, such as
hypertension, pain at the administration site and alteration of the cardiovascular epidemiological risk
profile and coagulopathies. Ideas for starting transsexualizing sex therapy are well consolidated by
consensus. The ideal conditions for starting transsexualizing sexual therapy are well established by
consensus. Regarding the periodicity and the expected changes, the results are still largely based on
the literature from the treatment of hypogonadism in cis people, making more follow-up studies of
the transsexual population necessary. Although the studies have found mild adverse events, few
have lasted longer than 5 years, and more prolonged follow-up studies are needed, given that the
perspective is that the treatment will continue throughout the user's life.”