Urban Planning, Planned Cities, Metropolitan Areas, Urban Configuration, Space Syntax
This thesis aims to investigate the process of consolidation of Brazilian urban territories, based on the conflicts between occupations officially planned by the government and those resulting from unofficial actions, according to the method established by Rocha (2021). Official urban planning is understood as that prepared by those legally responsible for the task: professionals and politicians with the right/duty to think about the city and produce plans, policies, projects and actions and implement them, with the primary objective of giving the urban environment characteristics that benefit life in society. To this end, globally planned urban centers in the country are explored at their founding moments since the 19th century (Teresina/PI, Aracaju/SE, Belo Horizonte/MG, Goiânia/GO, Brasília/DF and Palmas/TO – with emphasis on the Brazilian capital), up to the reach of their respective metropolitan regions. The aim is to understand, through a morphological reading through configurational and non-configurational variables, the way in which these two movements are articulated and their impacts on contemporary urban life. The aim is to contribute to the understanding of the processes of expansion and metropolization of settlements in order to assist the urban planning system of cities and their surroundings. The study is based on two hypotheses – (i) the city born ex nihilo planned globally in relation to urban planning, as it expands and becomes a metropolis, becomes increasingly closer to other cities that emerged from processes in which global planning was not present, and is not capable of producing a more accessible urban structure; (ii) metropolitan regions do not fulfill their role defined in the 1988 Constitution of constituting groups of neighboring municipalities, to integrate the organization, planning and execution of public functions of common interest, but serve political and economic interests – from which the following research questions are structured: 1) To what extent can planning promote a more configurationally accessible city, with a better articulation in its structure of paths from its initial nucleus to its metropolis?; 2) Are there differences in the metropolis process between cities that were born planned globally and other Brazilian cities?; 3) What is the power of the founding nucleus of planned cities to condition the development and subsequent structuring of the territory?; and 4) Are metropolitan regions fulfilling what they set out to do when they were established, that is, to promote the organization, planning and execution of public functions of common interest to the cities that comprise them?