THERMAL AND ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF THE PROJECT OBSERVATION ROOM REFERENCE FOR EMERGENCY CARE UNITS (UPA): THREE CONTEXTS BRAZILIAN CLIMATE
Thermal Comfort, Energy Efficiency, Natural Ventilation, Emergency Care Units
A hospital environment, in addition to offering health care, must present an architectural organization that promotes comfort to users and is energy efficient. In this context, this dissertation evaluated the thermal and energy performance of the observation room of the naturally ventilated UPA reference project, in three climatic contexts in Brazil (hot-dry, hot-humid and subtropical). The study carried out the following steps: review of the bibliography, specific architectural norms and legislation; characterization and analysis of the object of study; determination of the cities of Brasília, Salvador and Florianópolis, which characterize the aforementioned climates; and, finally, execution, in two phases, of thermoenergetic simulations with the help of the DesignBuilder program. In the first simulation phase, the percentage of hours in thermal comfort (POC) was analyzed, as a function of the neutral temperature index (Tn) and the number of air changes per hour (ACH), to define the project implementation orientation. most appropriate reference for obtaining these renewals. The second part also evaluated the thermal gains of the envelope and the electrical energy demand of the observation room in its basic form (base case) and in scenarios with different proposals for the envelope (coverage and shading). The results showed that, in the climatic context of Brasília and Florianópolis, the naturally ventilated observation room with the architectural interventions suggested in this work achieved satisfactory levels of POC, ACH and energy efficiency. However, for Salvador, only the ACH was satisfactory.